There are two different approaches followed in the battery industry to measure the internal resistance of a cell. A short pulse of high current is applied to the cell; the voltages and currents are measured before and after the pulse and then ohm’s law (I = V/R) is applied to get the result.
Battery internal resistance is a crucial parameter that determines the performance and efficiency of a battery. It is the measure of opposition to the flow of current within the battery due to various factors such as the electrolyte, electrodes, and connections.
The IR of the battery can be calculated by dividing the voltage drop across the terminals by the load current. In this article, we will explain what IR (Internal Resistance) is. We will also go over how to test for it and what the normal range of IR is for healthy battery cells. What is IR (Internal Resistance)?
The lower the internal resistance, the better. A battery with normal internal resistance can be charged at higher currents with less heat. In half the cases, a battery with low resistance is capable of delivering a high cold cranking current. The internal resistance cannot accurately determine the battery capacity.
Now, let’s connect the circuit to measure the internal resistance: Connect the positive terminal of the battery to the positive (red) lead of the digital multimeter using an alligator clip. Connect the negative terminal of the battery to the known-value resistor using another alligator clip.
Use Ohm’s law (R = V/I) to calculate the internal resistance, where R is the internal resistance, V is the voltage drop, and I is the current flowing through the circuit. Divide the voltage drop by the known-value resistor to calculate the current flowing through the circuit.
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